Industrial filter tank machine for water filtration (FIPa)

Industrial filter tank machine for water filtration (FIPa)

Purpose. Parallel-flow ion-exchange filter (FIPa) is designed to remove hardness cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) from the incoming flow during the sodium/hydrogen cation exchange, as well as sulfate, chloride and nitrate anions during the desalting of natural waters. The resulting softened or primarily desalted water is most often used as makeup for steam boilers (low, medium and high pressure steam generation), hot-water boilers, heating networks. Less often, water after ion-exchange treatment is used in various industrial technologies.

Ion-exchange materials of natural and artificial origin, such as cationites and anionites, are used as the filtering media in ion-exchange filters.

Design description. Parallel-flow ion-exchange filters (FIPa) consist of:

• housing;
• upper and lower distribution devices;
• pipelines;
• stop valves;
• sampling devices.

The FIPa filter housing is cylindrical, welded of sheet steel, with welded elliptical stamped bottoms. Three supports are welded to the bottom for mounting filters on the foundation.

Upper and lower bottoms have flanges welded in the center, to which outside along the filter front – pipes are to be connected, and inside – collection-distribution devices (NRU and VRU).

In standard package stage I FIPa filters come with upper radial type collection-distribution devices with perforated pipes or "TEKO-SLOT" spiral pipes. Stage II FIPa filters come with upper collection-distribution devices (UVSR) of the "Cup in cup" design. The lower collection-distribution device (UNSR) of the "False bottom" design with stainless or plastic slot caps FEL or the lower collection-distribution device of the "Concrete foundation" design is used. The filters can also come with devices of other types.

Operation principle. The cycle of the FIPa ion-exchange filter consists of the following stages:

• softening or desalting (filtering);
• backwashing;
• regeneration;
• leaning;
• discharge of the primary filtrate before it is put into the scheme.

The incoming flow under pressure enters the upper collection-distribution device of the FIPa filter, is evenly distributed and passes through the layer of filtering medium downwards. The filtrate is discharged from the filter to the collector through the lower collection-distribution device.

Purification (filtration) of the incoming flow from dissolved ionic impurities in the stage I FIPa filter (afterpurification in the stage II FIPa filter) occurs through the exchange of metal cations (anions of acid residues) for an equivalent amount of Na+ or H+ cations (anions of Cl- or groups OH-) in the grains of the filtering medium (cationite or anionite). After filtering is complete, the filter is stopped and disconnected from the collector. The backwashing of ionite is carried out to obviate its compaction. After backwashing the regeneration of the ionite is carried out.

The operation cycle of the FIPa filter ends at the cations (or anions) breakthrough, which is determined by the technological regulations, i.e. the depletion of the ion-exchange capacity of the filtering medium, or when the pressure difference between the outlet and inlet of the filter exceeds 0.3 MPa.

For the process of ion-exchange resin regeneration, a pre-prepared regenerant solution is supplied to FIPa filter from above (10-15% salt solution for sodium cycle, or 1-5% sulfuric acid solution for H- cation exchange, 3-5% NaOH solution for anion exchange). After a certain volume of regeneration solution is supplied, its supply is stopped and the flow of softened or desalted (i.e., purified) water comes for washing the ionite. The wash water is discharged into the drainage (or into a storage tank for reuse). After the washing operation and restoring the exchange capacity of the ionite, the filter is switched on or remains in standby mode. Right after the filter is switched on, the first portion of the filtrate is discharged into the drainage and analytical control is performed. After getting the regulatory figures for the filtrate, the FIPa filter is connected to the treated water collector.

Since these filters allow restoring the activity (exchange capacity) of ionites by means of special (regenerative) solutions, efficient operation of these filters require auxiliary equipment for pre-preparation of the regenerate solution. Such auxiliary equipment is the SGD (hydrodynamic mixer), salt-dissolving tanks or acid (alkali) measuring tanks, as well as dosing pumps or ejection water-jet pumps installed on the salt (or reagent) unit.

*Indicated filter weights correspond to filters of "false bottom" type with applied corrosion preventive coating (that includes the flange connector, DN 1.0-1.5 m, at filters' vessel).

Material of internal devices: stainless steel 12H18N10T, 03H17N14M3 or 10H17N13M2T, PVC, CPVC, polypropylene, PVDF, titanium.

Diameter of the housing of manufactured FIPa filters varies from 700 to 3400 mm, capacity of the devices: from 8 to 390 m³ / hour, working pressure: 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and higher.

Protective coatings. A special anti-corrosion coating is applied to the filters’ inner surface, which contacts the working medium. The type and brand of coating is selected depending on the characteristics of the aggressive environment (epoxy, polyurethane, gumming with rubber, preserving primer, etc.). At the request of the customer, any coating available on the market can be applied.

The outer surface of the filters is coated with standard priming enamel. At the customer’s request, the outer surface can be painted in corporate colors and with the use of special protection against corrosion (ROSNEFT, SIBUR, GAZPROM, LUKOIL, etc.).

Filter weights correspond to the line of filters with a lower collection-distribution device of "false bottom" type and the application of AKZ (anti-corrosion coating).

Parallel-flow ion-exchange filters FIPa have a number of advantages:

• High mechanical strength. All filter models undergo strength calculation, the results of which are attached to the certificate.
• Long-term trouble-free operation. The internal design of the filters is unique development of our company. They have been effectively used at many sites for more than 25 years.
• Production by individual order or technical specification of the Customer. Any packaging arrangement and design of filters according to customer requirements is possible.
• Quality assurance from the manufacturer. All technologies, equipment and personnel at the enterprise are certified in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents of the Russian Federation. All materials undergo incoming inspection and testing.